The National Cancer Institute oversees the U.S. National Cancer Program and is also involved in the promotion of global health and cancer control. The National Cancer Act of 1971 directed the NCI to collect, analyze and disseminate research on the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of cancer, to share cancer research information globally, and to support research being conducted by highly qualified foreign nationals outside the United States. The landmark law also mandated that NCI support collaborative research involving American and foreign participants, and support training of American scientists abroad and foreign scientists in the United States. As a special feature, this article includes an interview Benchmarks held with Dr. Richard Love on the topic of Conducting International Clinical Trials.